The founder of the Molecular Biology program and the first head of the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (KBMB) was academician Dušan Kanazir, who headed it from its founding in 1972 to 1985. In the period from 1985 to 1998, the head of KBMB was Prof. Ana Savić. Prof. Ljubiša Topisirović was the head of KBMB from 1998 to 2004 and from 2008 to 2011. In the period from 2004 to 2008, the Department was headed by Prof. Stanka Romac, while from 2011 to 2022, the head of KBMB was Prof. Đorđe Fira. Today, the Department is headed by Prof. Goran Brajušković. In 2006, the doctoral program in Molecular Biology was established, headed by Prof. Gordana Matić. Professors Dragutin Savić, Radomir Crkvenjakov, Radmila Đorđević-Marković and Goran Ljubijankić also left an indelible mark on the development of KBMB. The teachers of our Department today are academician Milena Stevanović, Svetlana Radović, Dušanka Savić-Pavićević, Jelena Lozo, Branko Jovčić, Dušan Keckarević, Milica Keckarević-Marković, Miljana Kecmanović, Jovan Peshović and Goran Vukotic. One assistant, six associates with scientific titles and two professional associates contribute to the work of KBMB. In 1997, prof. Stanka Romac founded the Center for the Application and Development of PCR, the current Center for Human Molecular Genetics, which is headed by prof. Dušanka Savić-Pavićević, and from which the Center for Forensic and Applied Molecular Genetics grew, headed by Prof. Dušan Keckarević. In 2011, Prof. Đorđe Fira founded the research group for microbial biotechnology.

In the current program of basic academic studies in the Molecular Biology and Physiology module, KBMB organizes classes in the following compulsory subjects: Dynamic Biochemistry, Fundamentals of Molecular Biology, Experimental Biochemistry, Molecular Genetics, Molecular Biology of Eukaryotes, Fundamentals of Gene Manipulation and Molecular Biology of the Cell, as well as in the following elective subjects: Molecular Biology of Prokaryotes, Molecular Mechanisms of Signal Transduction through the Cell and Enzymology. In the Biology module, it organizes the compulsory subject Molecular Biology and in the Ecology module Fundamentals of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. KBMB organizes classes in the subjects Fundamentals of Molecular Biology and Molecular Genetics in the Biochemistry study program of the Faculty of Chemistry, as well as in the subject Biological Chemistry at the Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade. Within the framework of master's academic studies, KBMB organizes four modules: Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Human Molecular Biology, Forensic Biology and Genomics with a total of 11 subjects. Within the framework of doctoral academic studies, KBMB is the holder of the Molecular Biology module in the doctoral program Molecular Biology. The module includes three submodules: Molecular Biomedicine, Molecular Genetics and Genomics and Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology with a total of 13 subjects that are organized in cooperation with the Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", the Institute for Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering and the Institute for Nuclear Sciences "Vinča".

The scientific work of the members of the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology is carried out through a large number of domestic and international scientific projects. From the presented list of projects in the last ten years, whose leaders or participants were members of the Department, it can be concluded that this scientific activity covers a large number of the most important areas of molecular biology, from human molecular genetics and biomedical research, through molecular genetics of plants and bacteria, to biotechnology and applied research within technological and innovation projects. We especially highlight the areas: molecular genetics of human diseases: hereditary neurological and neuromuscular diseases, psychiatric diseases, prostate cancer and idiopathic male infertility; population genetic studies including DNA analysis of ancient remains, studying the function of human SOX genes in physiological and pathological processes and the effect of the 22q11 microdeletion on the occurrence of neurodevelopmental disorders; molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction of bacteria and plants; research on the microbiome, its function in host interactions, as well as its impact on sustainable growth in agriculture and bioconservation of cultural heritage; molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, virulence and the development of new antimicrobial compounds; and research on bacteriophages specific for clinically relevant multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria.