The history of the Institute of Botany and the Botanical Garden "Jevremovac" begins as part of the Lyceum, later the Great School, where Josif Pančić taught natural sciences and advocated for the establishment of a botanical garden. The first botanical garden, founded in 1874, was located in Dorćol, while it has been in its current location since 1889, when King Milan Obrenović donated the estate he received from his grandfather Jevrem Obrenović to the Great School. Since then, the Botanical Garden "Jevremovac" as an inseparable part of the Institute of Botany has undergone major transformations.

Today, the Institute of Botany and the Botanical Garden "Jevremovac", as a center for the development of botany in Serbia and the region, is undergoing intensive development and modernization. In the past ten years, very significant progress has been made in solving infrastructure issues, as well as in the development of the Institute from a scientific and educational perspective.

Over the past ten years, extensive works have been completed in the entire area of ​​the Botanical Garden as part of infrastructure projects. The large lake in the Japanese Garden has been reconstructed, park landscaping projects have been launched with the reconstruction of old and the construction of new paths, a summer stage has been built on the plateau in front of the greenhouse, the reconstruction of the old and the construction of a new hydrant network, sewage and rainwater drainage, as well as the project for the construction and installation of a new fire protection system have been completed. As part of the project for the reconstruction of the old greenhouse and the greenhouse financed from EU pre-accession funds (IPA), most of the rough work on the greenhouse was completed in 2013, and the introduced heating has enabled adequate plant protection. In October 2014, the greenhouse and the open area of ​​the Botanical Garden were ceremonially opened to visitors. In the following years, the open space was enriched with new facilities such as a "stone garden" with numerous succulent plant species and a rose garden formed by the donation of 200 rose seedlings. The Japanese garden was enriched by the donation of eight Japanese cherry trees of a special mourning form, a new corner was created for the youngest visitors made of completely natural materials and adapted to play in a natural environment and a green oasis in the city center. Under the greenhouse, a space in the form of a pergola equipped with furniture made of natural materials was newly created, which, along with the summer classroom, will significantly increase the capacity of the Botanical Garden in the implementation of basic activities for the implementation of classes for students, educational workshops, thematic lectures, for promotions, conferences, and events. In order to save energy, the facade was renovated and the windows of the building housing the offices and laboratories of two departments of the Institute were replaced. for botany.

Special emphasis is placed on cultural values ​​that are still insufficiently known to the general public. The promotion of the Garden’s content was carried out through media presentations, which is reflected in thousands of published television, electronic and printed reports. The public was regularly informed about all activities organized in the Botanical Garden. Information was regularly provided via the website and social networks, and numerous values ​​were brought closer to the public through adequate marking (information boards, labels, signs, etc.) in the area itself.

The Botanical Garden "Jevremovac" is visited by a large number of citizens and tourists throughout the year (with the exception of 2013 and 2014, when the Garden was in various stages of reconstruction). Numerous organized group visits by students from primary and secondary schools, preschool institutions, faculties, associations from Serbia and abroad have been realized every year by tens of thousands of visitors (with the exception of 2020 and 2021 during the viral pandemic). With special attention, numerous group visits of a humanitarian nature are carried out in the Garden every year, and a project has also been implemented through the volunteer program "Horticultural Therapy" in cooperation with the Institute of Mental Health of Serbia. In recent years, an increasing number of educational workshops have been implemented in the Garden with preschool and school-age children. With special attention, since 2021, a volunteer program has been developed in the Garden with students of the Faculty of Biology and students of the Secondary Agricultural School in Belgrade, as well as with students of the Seventh and Eighth Belgrade Gymnasiums.

Since 2013, over a hundred educational, scientific and cultural events have been held in the Garden. Traditionally, the Garden celebrates National Science Day, World Environment Day, World Biodiversity Day, Faculty of Biology Day, and Plant Fascination Day every year. Every September, the Botanical Garden hosts part of the thematic programs of the city's European Heritage Days event. Special programs have marked the anniversaries of the Botanical Garden "Jevremovac": in September 2019, the Garden celebrated 130 years since its founding, and in September 2022, the exhibition "130 Years of the Large Greenhouse in the Botanical Garden Jevremonac" opened in cooperation with the Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments of the City of Belgrade.

A series of thematic exhibitions have been held over the past decade: "In the Kingdom of Mushrooms", "Days of Ramonda, resurrecting gems of the Balkan Peninsula", "Agave Blooming", "Traveling through Time with Amphibians and Reptiles". In June 2022, an exhibition of photographs by the Visegrad Group opened. At that time, the exhibition was first realized on the outer fence of the Botanical Garden, which caused extremely positive reactions from visitors and fellow citizens.

In recent years, cultural events have been held in the Garden in cooperation with numerous organizations and associations: the Evergreen Festival, the Wine Festival, the Jazz Festival, the event dedicated to the culture of the Far East "The Spirit of the East", the New Year's event "Humanitarian Garden", cultural programs organized by the CEBEF Cultural Institution, and during the summer of 2022, a rich program was implemented as part of the international arts festival, the Belgrade Summer Festival - BELEF with a rich repertoire of theater performances performed in the Garden.